Samba actually contains several programs that serve different but related purposes. Let’s introduce each of them briefly, and show how they work together. The majority of the programs that come with the Samba distribution center on its two daemons. Let’s take a refined look at the responsibilities of each daemon:
smbd
The smbd daemon is responsible for managing the shared resources between the Samba server machine and its clients. It provides file, print, and browser services to SMB clients across one or more networks. smdb handles all notifications between the Samba server and the network clients. In addition, it is responsible for user authentication, resource locking, and data sharing through the SMB protocol.
nmbd
The nmbd daemon is a simple nameserver that mimics the WINS and Net-BIOS name server functionality, as you might expect to encounter with the LAN Manager package. This daemon listens for nameserver requests and provides the appropriate information when called upon. It also provides browse lists for the Network Neighborhood and participates in browsing elections.
The Samba distribution also comes with a small set of Unix command-line tools:
smbclient
An FTP-like Unix client that can be used to connect to Samba shares
smbtar
A program for backing up data in shares, similar to the Unix tar command
nmblookup
A program that provides NetBIOS over TCP/IP name lookups
smbpasswd
A program that allows an administrator to change the encrypted passwords
used by Samba
smbstatus
A program for reporting the current network connections to the shares on a
Samba server
testparm
A simple program to validate the Samba configuration file
testprns
A program that tests whether various printers are recognized by the smbd
daemon
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